Team molecule’s molecularShell intentionally hides some of the most “critical” partitions and folder of the PS Vita. Scene veteran Smoke has released a mod of molecularShell that bypasses some of the limitations.

molecularShell is the default user interface included with Henkaku, the PS Vita 3.60 hack. MolecularShell only shows the user 3 main partitions/folder on the PS Vita: app0, ur0, ux0. There are many more partitions you could in theory access on the PS Vita. According to VitaDevWiki:

• os0 found on the NAND is where the “main” OS (aka CoreOS) files are including all the kernel libraries and the most important user libraries. There’s always two copies of this for redundancy and updating will only update the inactive partition and the active flag is swapped.
• sa0 found on the NAND is the “bulky” data like fonts and handwriting information. Why is it a separate partition? Because it makes update files smaller. Your “systemdata” PUP provides the update for this partition.
• vs0 found on the NAND is the rest of the OS including all the system apps, the main shell, and the remaining user libraries
• vd0 found on the NAND is mainly used for the system registry (settings)
• ud0 found on the NAND is used for updates. When you update the Vita, the update file is copied here and the system reboots.
• pd0 found on the NAND is where Welcome Park (and the intro video) are found. It is also the “preinst” PUP update.
• ur0 found on the NAND is the remaining user data that is structured similarly to the memory card (it shares almost the same directory structure). App icon layout for example is found here.
• ux0 is the memory card
• gro0 is the game card
• grw0 is the writable part of the game card if supported
• tm0

molecularShell is only hiding access to these files. Practically you can access them (in read only mode) by directly entering the name of the partition in your FTP client of choice. Note that the “read only” limitation is also a limitation of molecularShell, and could be easily be bypassed by modifying it to read/write in the molecularShell codebase  Correction: the limitation is a PS Vita limitation that might be bypassed as people have hinted. This is not a limitation added by molecularShell or the Henkaku exploit. However a new mod might come out soon which would enable full access on these partitions.

Image from @Atreyu187

Note that the intentions of team molecule here are unclear to me. I am not sure if this is an attempt at protecting the users from themselves (some of these partitions hold critical data for your PS vita, and modifying/erasing files in there could permanently brick your PS Vita), or if it is part of their announced plan to not enable piracy on the device.

For example, gro0 is where the vita game card is accessed. Users have already confirmed that one can dump a vita cartridge from their FTP client simply by copying the contents of that partition when a game card is inserted. Of course, such a cartridge Dump is most likely useless as the content is encrypted, but it raises the question as to why team molecule did not give access from the shell directly.

@SMOKE587 no need. Just type the right partition in FTP and it works. Undocumented feature for advanced users.

— Yifan (@yifanlu) July 31, 2016

Scene dev Atreyu187 gives more details over at PSX-Place:

Note to anyone you can enable full read and write access by simply editing the files.c in the source code of MolecularShell (VitaShell fork) and then compile to have full access. And carts can be dumped for cart sharing by simply opening PC FTP client then downloading gro0:/ directory but you will have to manually input the location into FTP client as it is not enabled in this build but again can be added by simply editing the files.c then compiling it. Or by using this URL in FTP client to access without modifying the code.

Works for tm0:/ for registry edits, quick swap of PSN accounts or even merging content from multiple accounts. Active and banned work provided you still have the act.dat and needed rif/rap files as well as registry files.

sa0, pd0 well basically all directories can be called upon manually for the file system, game carts and memory internal and external.

Access to all partitions of the PS Vita would let more people dive into the internals of the operating system, looking for more vulnerabilities and customizations. Arguably, the people with the skills to do that also have the skills to look into the HENkaku exploit and figure out how to bypass molecularShell’s limitations.

Download molecularShell mod

Smoke’s molecularShell mod can be downloaded here. Again, any FTP client should let you access the hidden partitions without that mod.

Source: Smoke